I-Halal Cryptocurrency - Yimaphi ama-Cryptocurrencies angamaHalal?

Faka imali ku I-cryptocurrencies ye-halal iyindlela ekhangayo yabathengisi abangamaSulumane nabatshalizimali abafuna ukukhulisa imali yabo kuyilapho behlonipha izimiso zomthetho wamaSulumane. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke ama-cryptocurrencies athathwa njenge-halal. Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizohlola lo mqondo futhi sikunikeze ulwazi olubalulekile ukuze wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi.

Ingabe i-Crypto Currencies Halal in Islam?

YEBO, kodwa akuzona zonke izimali ze-crypto ezi-halal.

Umbono wokuthi ama-cryptocurrencies ayahambisana yini nomthetho we-Sharia uyahluka phakathi kwezazi zamaSulumane. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ama-cryptocurrensets awahambisani ne-Islam ngenxa yokuqagela kanye nethuba lokukhiqiza inzalo. Abanye baphikisa ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe be-blockchain obungaphansi kwe-cryptocurrencies busobala ngakho-ke bungahambisana nomthetho we-Quranic.

Ukwengeza, amanye ama-cryptocurrencies aqashelwe njengokuthobela i-Sharia, njenge-Stellar Lumens (XLM) ne-OneGramCoin (OGC). Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwenza ucwaningo olunzulu ngaphambi kokutshala imali.

Kungani Utshala Imali Kumali Ye-Halal Crypto?

Ukutshala imali kuma-halal cryptocurrencies kunezinzuzo ezimbalwa kumaSulumane:

• Ukuhlonipha izimiso zomthetho Islamic.
• Amathuba ezinzuzo ezibalulekile naphezu kokushintshashintsha.
• Ukuzimela kanye nenkululeko yezezimali.
• Ukuvikelwa ekukhuphukeni kwamandla emali.
• Ukuhlukahluka kwephothifoliyo yokutshala imali.
• Ukusebenziseka kalula kwezomthetho kwamanye amazwe.
• Ukulinganiswa njalo kwama-cryptocurrencies.
• Amathuba okwenza imali evamile.

Amathiphu Wokutshala Kahle Kumali Ye-Halal Crypto?

Ukuze ukwandise amathuba akho okuphumelela, landela lawa macebiso:

• Qiniseka ukuthi umthengisi noma i-akhawunti ye-Islamic ithobelana nezimiso ze-halal.
• Ziqeqeshe futhi uthole mayelana ne-halal cryptocurrencies.
• Ungatshali imali kuwo wonke ama-cryptocurrencies we-halal ngesikhathi esisodwa, khetha ngobuhlakani.
• Tshala imali ngendlela ye-halal ngokugwema ukuqagela ngokweqile.
• Yakha isu lokutshala izimali kanye nohlelo.
• Cabangela iphrofayela yakho yomtshali-zimali kanye nokubekezelela kwakho ubungozi.
• Hlukanisa iphothifoliyo yakho ukuze unciphise ubungozi.
• Sebenzisa ukulawulwa kobungozi obuqinile.

Ingabe i-Bitcoin Halal? Ama-Ulema Asekela I-Affirmative

• UMufti Muhammad Abu-Bakar : lo meluleki we-Shariah, uchwepheshe wezezimali zamaSulumane, uthola ukuthi i-Bitcoin isemthethweni ngoba isemthethweni futhi yenza kube lula ukuthengiselana naphezu kokuntengantenga kwayo kanye nezingozi ezimele;
• UDkt. Ziyaad Mohammed : Ngokukasihlalo wekomiti le-sharia e-HSBC Amanah noma ikomiti lama-akhawunti, inqobo nje uma uhlobo lwemali lunenani futhi lusetshenziselwa ukuthengiselana, luhambisana ne-sharia. Nokho, akavumelani nokuhweba kweBitcoin (okuhlukile ekutshaleni imali kuBitcoin) okuwukuqagela;
• UMufti Faraz Adam : kuye, i-Bitcoin iyimpahla enenani futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ivumelana nencazelo ye-Maal (imali noma into ephathekayo noma engaphatheki, engatholwa noma ibe nayo futhi isetshenziswe njengoba kudingeka) okungenani inqobo nje uma ihlala isemthethweni;
• Monzef Kahf : kulo profesa, i-Bitcoin, njengazo zonke ezinye zezimali ze-crypto, kufanele zibhekwe njenganoma iyiphi enye imali.

Ingabe i-Bitcoin Halal? Ama-Ulema Aseka Ababi

• USheikh Shawki Allam : lo mufti omkhulu waseGibhithe. Uthola ukuthi i-Bitcoin iyinkimbinkimbi, iyaguquguquka, iveza izingozi, ingasetshenziselwa imisebenzi engekho emthethweni futhi ayinabo ubuhlobo nezimakethe zangempela. Ngakho-ke i-Bitcoin i-haram ngokusho kwakhe.
• Sheikh Muhammad Taqi Usmani : lesi sazi sasePakistan, isazi sezezimali zamaSulumane sithi asikho isisekelo esiqinile semali eyimfihlo ngokujwayelekile emthethweni wamaSulumane. Okusho ukuthi i-Bitcoin iyi-haram;
• USheikh Haitham Al-haddad : Ngokusho kwakhe, i-Bitcoin ayinalo inani langaphakathi ngakho ayikwazi ukubonwa njengohlobo lwemali. Ucabanga ngokucacile ukuthi i-Bitcoin i-haram njengezimayini zakhe
• USheikh Sulaiman Al-ruhayli : Ngokusho kwakhe, iqiniso lokuthi alikho igunya eliphakathi lokulawula le mali yedijithali limelela ingozi kubasebenzisi bayo, okuchaza ukungazinzi kanye nesici sokucabangela se-Bitcoin;
• Wifaq Al-ulama : yiqembu elakhiwe ngochwepheshe abayisishiyagalombili emthethweni wamaSulumane abalahla izimali ze-crypto ngokuvamile ngenxa yezizathu zokukhwabanisa futhi futhi ngenxa yokuthi bakholelwa ukuthi zisetshenziselwa izinjongo ezingekho emthethweni.

Yiziphi Imibandela Okufanele I-Cryptocurrency Ihlangabezane Nazo Ukuze Ibe Halal?

• Tamawwul : leli gama lichaza ukwamukelwa kwento noma imali njengenani ngabantu. Ngokuka-Imam Al-ghazali, noma yiluphi uhlobo lwemali kufanele lube lula ukuhwebelana nokuhwebelana phakathi kwabantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imali ayinalo inani le-intrinsic sese;
• Taqawwum : uhlobo lwemali lukhawulelwe kuphela ezintweni ezithobela i-shari'ah (halal). Ngamanye amazwi, imali akumele iqukathe noma iyiphi into enqatshelwe (i-haram) futhi kuvela ukuthi ezinye zezimali ze-crypto aziqukethe noma yikuphi;
• Thammaniyah : Imali ye-Shari'ah inemisebenzi emibili. Kufanele kube yindlela yokushintshanisa futhi ibe neyunithi ye-akhawunti. Ukuhweba nge-Cryptocurrency kwenziwa ngokumelene nezimali eziningi. Kodwa-ke, i-Islam idinga ukuthi imali izimele.

Kulokhu kungenzeka ukwengeza incazelo yengcebo nangokunwetshwa kwemali ye-halal ephakanyiswe nguSheikh Taher Ibn Achour. Ngokusho kwakhe, imali, ukuze ibe yi-halal, kufanele:

• Ukuqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kwengcebo (Hifz al-mal)
• Ukuqinisekisa ukukhanya (Al-wuduh)
• Ukulondoloza Ukulingana (Al-'adl)
• Lungisa ithrafikhi (Al-rawaj)
• Bonisa obala (Al-wuduh)

Ama-Cryptocurrencies ayi-10 aphezulu angabhekwa njenge-Halal

• I-Stellar Lumens (i-XLM) : Isibuyekezo se-Stellar Lumens i-halal eqinisekiswe yiBhange Eliyinhloko lase-Bahrain, i-XLM ithobelana ne-Sharia futhi ibone ukwanda okukhulu kwenani;
• I-OneGramCoin (OGC) : Le crypto ye-halal ithole umklomelo we-cryptocurrency yamaSulumane ehamba phambili ngo-2017 futhi isekelwa yigolide;
• I-EOS (EOS) : Ukubuyekezwa kwe-EOS kuyi-cryptocurrency ye-halal ngokusho koMkhandlu Ophethe i-Marhaba DiFi Sharia futhi ngokusho kwe-Islamic Finance Guru (IFG). Futhi, ngokusekelwe ezindaweni ezinhlanu ezisungulelwe ukuhlunga izikhalazo ze-Sharia, uSharlife ubheka i-EOS njengethobela iSharia;
• I-Bitcoin (i-BTC) : Embikweni wakhe wango-2019, owayengumeluleki we-Blossom Finance Sharia u-Mufti Mohammed Abu-Bakr uthi njengamanye ama-cryptocurrencies, i-Bitcoin (BTC) kufanele ibhekwe njengehambisana ne-Sharia njengoba iyisitolo senani elamukelwa abantu ngabanye, isebenza njengendlela yokuthengiselana, futhi abantu bayamukela kanjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Bitcoin izogcwalisa isimiso se-Maal (imali noma into ephathekayo noma engaphatheki, engatholwa noma ibe nayo futhi isetshenziswe njengoba kudingeka);
• I-Ethereum (ETH) : Amathokheni e-Ether abhekwa njenge-halal abacwaningi abaningi, okuhlanganisa ne-Shariyah Review Bureau. Le cryptocurrency Ethereum inenani ngokwezinga abantu abambalwa abangayithenga, bayibambe noma bayishintshisane. Ngaphansi komthetho we-Sharia, akukubi ukuthenga noma ukuthengisa i-ETH, kancane kancane ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-Ethereum ukwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza;
• I-Ripple (i-XRP) : Ochwepheshe abavela eHhovisi Lokubuyekeza i-Sharia e-Bahrain bakholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukutshala imali ku-Ripple ngaphansi komthetho we-Sharia;
• I-Cardano (i-ADA) : Uhlamvu lwemali lwe-ADA ngokwezinye izazi zamaSulumane aluqukethe i-riba (inzalo noma inzalo ngokunwetshwa) okungenza kube haram, ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi inikeza umthethonqubo osobala wezohwebo. Ukutshala imali ku-ADA kuyi-halal kubacwaningi abaningi nakuba abanye benokubhukha ngenxa yengozi eguquguqukayo ethwalayo;
• I-Theta (THETA) : I-Theta avis iyi-cryptocurrency ebhekwa njengehambisana nemithetho yamaSulumane. Le mali yedijithali eyakhiwe nguMitch-Liu noJieyi Long ngo-2018 izuza ngokusekelwa abatshalizimali abanamandla njenge-Google, i-Samsung, i-Sony nabanye abaningi;
• I-Neo (NEO) : Ukubuyekezwa kwe-Neo Kuqashelwa njenge-Sharia ehambisana ne-Islamic Finance Guru (IFG), i-NEO inketho ethandwayo ye-halal;
• I-Tezos (XTZ) : Ukubuyekezwa kwe-Tezos kuyi-cryptocurrency ye-halal enamandla amakhulu uma kubhekwa izinhlelo zayo zokusebenza, ngaphandle kokukhohlwa ukuthi mayelana nokuphepha nokonga amandla inkundla ye-Tezos iyaqinisekisa. Ukuphathwa kwe-on-chain yale cryptocurrency eyakhiwe u-Kathleen no-Arthur Breitman ngo-2014 kuyathembisa impela.